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The selection of pieces that follows seeks to provide a brief panorama of the Villa-Lobos musical esthetic.

"Ária (Cantilena)" from "Bachianas Brasileiras nº 5"
º Associated Music Publishers
(bach5.mid, 11k)

Villa-Lobos and Bidu SayãoThe most popular of Villa-Lobos’ melodies, clearly inspired by serenades, was composed in 1938, with lyrics by Ruth Valadares Correa, and dedicated to Arminda Villa-Lobos. Ruth Valadares Correa, who was also a singer, premiered the piece in 1939 in Rio de Janeiro, with Villa-Lobos conducting. Great sopranos the world over, such as Victoria de Los Angeles, Bidu SayÁo (both with Villa-Lobos conducting), Anna Moffo, Kiri Te Kanawa, Kathleen Battle, Barbara Hendricks, Renée Fleming, Eva Marton, Arleen Auger, Maria Lucia Godoy, Galina Vischnevskaya and Jill Gomez, among many others, have recorded the "Aria" from the "Bachianas Brasileiras Nº 5" (which contains a second movement, the "Dança" ("Dance") or "Martelo" ("Hammer"), with lyrics by Manuel Bandeira).

"Tocata (O Trenzinho do Caipira)"
from "Bachianas Brasileiras nº 2"
º Casa Ricordi - BMG Ricordi S.p.A.
(trem.mid, 26k)

Villa-Lobos Waving from a TrainIf the "Aria" from the the "Bachianas Brasileiras Nº 5" is first in popularity, then the Tocata, more popularly known as the "Trenzinho do Caipira" ("The Little Train of the Rube"), from the "Bachianas Brasileiras Nº 2" is certainly second. One of Villa-Lobos’ most characteristic pieces, the "Trenzinho" demonstrates a rich orchestral coloring, present in many of the composer’s scores. Here, we also feel the strong impression that back-country music, which he heard on his travels through the interior of Brazil, made on him.

"Uirapuru"
º Associated Music Publishers
(uira.mid, 4k)

Although it contains a certain amount of influence from French music, "Uirapuru" is one of the first masterpieces of Villa-Lobos, and inaugurated a typically Villa-Lobos orchestral language. The score portrays the atmosphere of the Brazilian jungle and its natural inhabitants, the Indians, with an impressive richness of detail. Here, we hear the theme which served as the basis for this symphonic poem: the song of the uirapiru, a bird which sings only for 5 minutes at sunrise, and only while building its nest - a song so rare and melodious that, according to legend, all the other birds stop singing to listen. In Indian mythology, it represents the king of love.

Villa-Lobos Demonstrating his Method"A Maré Encheu"
º IrmÁos Vitale
(mare.mid, 6k)

Children’s folk ditties always were important to Villa-Lobos’ work. Proof of this are his numerous works directly or indirectly impregnated with songs that for generations have been passed down from adults to children. "A Maré Encheu" ("The Tide Has Come In") is one example of the refinement with which the composer adorned these simple melodies.

"Kankikis" from "Danças Caracterºsticas Africanas"
º Éditions Max-Eschig
(kank.mid, 15k)

The three "Danças Caracterºsticas Africanas" ("Characteristic African Dances") - "Farrapós", "Kankukus" e "Kankikis" - sub-titled "Dances of the Mixed-Blood Indians of Brazil" were originally written for piano solo between 1914 and 1915. He says he was inspired by themes of the Caripuna Indians of Mato Grosso whose race was supposedly a result of Indians cross-breeding with Blacks. The "Danças" mark the beginning of the development of Villa-Lobos’ mood, which would be consolidated in the 20s on his travels through Europe. During the Week of Modern Art, they were presented for octet (flute, clarinet, piano and string quartet), scored by Villa-Lobos himself. Here, we present Nº 3, "Kankikis".


The guitar and the piano were two of the most important instruments used to express the creativity of the Brazilian genius. Here, we present two very important historical registers: parts of recordings which feature Villa-Lobos as performer.

"Choros nº 1"
º Éditions Max-Eschig
(choros1.wav, 182k)

The most important cycle of the composer’s works (although less popular than the "Bachianas Brasileiras") is the "Choros", for many different types of ensembles (from guitar and piano to chamber to symphonies), inspired directly by the urban music of turn-of-the-century Rio de Janeiro. "Choros Nº 1" for guitar, written in 1920 and dedicated to Ernesto Nazareth (one of Brazil’s most revered choro composers), is the most traditional of the cycle.

"Choros nº 5"
º Éditions Max-Eschig
(choros5.wav, 247k)

Dating from 1925, Villa-Lobos gave this piece the suggestive sub-title "Alma Brasileira" ("Brazilian Soul"), and it is one of Villa-Lobos’ most famous scores for piano.


"Villa-Lobos Speaks"
(vlfala.wav, 102k)

If Villa-Lobos is reasonably well known performing his own compositions (thanks, especially, to a six-CD collection entitled "Villa-Lobos par Lui Même" and also to the recording of the "Floresta do Amazonas" ("Forest of the Amazon"), he is rarely captured as a spokesman for his own work. Excerpted from an interview of July 12, 1959 in New York (his last concert), the part we have selected shows an irreverent artist talking about "inspiration".


MusiarteRecording and editing of the music:
Sheila Zagury e José Staneck. 
Acknowledgements: Escola de Mésica Musiarte

Special thanks to: Casa Ricordi - BMG Ricordi S.p.A.